自 2025 年 3 月 27 日起,我们建议您使用 android-latest-release
而非 aosp-main
构建 AOSP 并为其做出贡献。如需了解详情,请参阅 AOSP 的变更。
Android Automotive 14 版本详情
使用集合让一切井井有条
根据您的偏好保存内容并对其进行分类。
本页总结了 Android Automotive 14 中提供的主要新功能。
功能
汽车框架
显示屏和窗口管理器
- 并发多用户
SysUI
和锁屏功能。
- 后座输入锁。
- 特殊输入处理。
- 支持后座输入锁,以及为单个 AAOS 实例中的并发多用户共享特殊输入按键处理功能。
- 显示屏和任务镜像。针对单个 AAOS 实例中的并发多用户支持显示和任务镜像。
- 多用户 IME。针对单个 AAOS 实例中的并发多用户支持多用户 IME。
- 在辅助主显示屏或乘客显示屏上启用
TaskView
。
音频
如需了解详情,请参阅 source.android.com 上新的音频页面。
- 动态音量。每个音频流或总线的动态音量范围均可配置。
- 动态音频区。支持并发多用户动态音频区。
- 音频共享(投放)。允许乘客将音频共享(投放)到主驾驶舱。
- 多显示屏音频镜像。允许使用不同音频耳机的乘客同时聆听相同的音频。
- 添加了对单个 AAOS 实例中每位用户并发媒体会话的支持。
电源
- 电源政策中的自定义电源组件。当前电源政策支持 16 个预定义的电源组件。OEM 可以在更新 OEM 组件的电源状态时排除这些组件。
- 优化了挂起到磁盘功能,提升了性能。
- 远程访问。启用了以下功能:由外部请求远程唤醒 Android,然后在远程请求完成时将其关闭。如需了解详情,请参阅设置远程访问权限。
- 轻量级系统运行状况性能剖析。引入了轻量级系统运行状况工具,其输出可通过
bugreport
收集,以提供更好的系统性能快照。
CarPropertyManager 方面的改进
- 添加了对
CarPropertyManager
和 CarPropertyService
堆栈的改进。向 CarPropertyManager
添加了新的 API 以支持 Car Service 中的虚构 VHAL 模式,在 CarPropertyManager
中添加了异步 get/set 属性,以及自定义供应商错误代码。
相机
- EVS 帧缓冲区元数据。
CarEvsBufferDescriptor
使帧元数据可供 Android 客户端使用。
传感器、位置和 VHAL 属性
如需详细了解 VHAL 属性,请参阅支持的系统属性。
- 向 VHAL 添加了以下非 ADAS 车辆属性:
- 外部属性。新增了车窗属性、车镜属性和车门属性。
- 内部属性。添加了方向盘、手套箱和座椅属性。
- 电动汽车属性。添加了制动、加速和电池电动汽车属性。
- 其他属性。添加了引擎怠速属性。
- 更新了损坏车辆属性的版本。更新或修复了以下 VHAL 属性:
属性 |
说明 |
---|
SEAT_HEADREST_HEIGHT_POS_V2 |
为 seat 添加了这个新的区域类型。 |
- 添加了与 ADAS 相关的新车辆属性,使 OEM 能够表示激活状态和系统状态。如需了解详情,请参阅 ADAS 车辆属性。
属性 |
说明 |
---|
自动紧急制动 (AEB) |
相应属性为 OEM 提供了与 IVI 共享 AEB 系统激活和系统状态的标准化界面,例如,当车辆检测到潜在碰撞危险,通过自动启动制动器来避免碰撞时。 |
前向碰撞警告 (FCW) |
相应属性为 OEM 提供了与 IVI 共享 FCW 系统激活和系统状态的标准化界面,例如当 FCW 系统检测到可能会与前方物体发生碰撞,它会生成视觉、听觉或触感反馈提醒时。 |
盲点警告 (BSW)。 |
相应属性为 OEM 提供了与 IVI 共享 BSW 系统激活和系统状态的标准化接口,例如,当检测到驾驶员的盲点区域内有物体,BSW 系统会生成视觉或听觉警告,指出并线或变道不安全时。 |
车道偏离警告 (LDW) |
相应属性为 OEM 提供了与 IVI 共享 LDW 系统激活和系统状态的标准化界面,例如当车辆接近或越过车道线,LDW 系统会生成视觉、听觉或触感反馈时。 |
车道保持助手 (LKA) |
相应属性为 OEM 提供了与 IVI 共享 LKA 系统激活和系统状态的标准化接口,例如当 LKA 系统自动启动转向校正,以防车辆意外偏离车道时。 |
车道居中助手 (LCA) |
相应属性为 OEM 提供了与 IVI 共享 LCA 系统激活和系统状态的标准化界面,例如,当驾驶员激活 LCA 系统(可自动控制方向盘)以确保车辆在车道中间行驶时。 |
紧急车道保持助手 (E-LKA) |
相应属性为 OEM 提供了与 IVI 共享 E-LKA 系统激活和系统状态的标准化接口,例如,当 E-LKA 系统自动应用转向调整,确保车辆在超车或变道时行驶在当前车道上,以免驾驶员盲区发生潜在碰撞,或避开迎面而来的车辆时。 |
自适应巡航定速 (ACC) |
相应属性为 OEM 提供了与 IVI 共享 ACC 系统激活和系统状态的标准化界面,例如,当驾驶员启动 ACC 系统以自动调整车速,从而与前方车辆保持安全距离时。 |
离手检测 (HOD) |
相应属性为 OEM 提供了与 IVI 共享 HOD 系统激活和系统状态的标准化界面,例如,当 HOD 系统检测到手离开方向盘,生成视觉、听觉或触感反馈警告时。 |
- 并发多用户的位置:
- 允许每个显示屏的用户独立控制对其位置信息的访问权限。
- 驾驶辅助开关仅限于驾驶员使用。
并发多用户系统参考文档
如需了解详情,请参阅 Android Automotive 多个显示屏上的多用户功能。
- 乘客参考启动器和最近用过的应用。
对系统界面和核心应用的优化
- 更新了系统界面:
- 浮动通知 (HUN) 节流和抑制。开发了一种可由 OEM 配置的机制,以防止 HUN 重叠并避免在不合适的时间将 HUN 发送给驾驶员。
- 快速操作。添加了让应用显示快速操作的功能。
- 停止应用。添加了从快速操作中停止应用的方式。
- 更新了核心系统应用:
- 应用启动器个性化。添加了允许用户在启动器中对应用位置进行重新排序的功能。
- 管理无响应应用。
- IVI 重置。添加了允许用户从“设置”中重启信息娱乐系统的功能
- 添加了具有沉浸模式的隐私条状标签。
- 提供了汽车信息娱乐系统参考设计。
AAOS 基准
- 定义了 Android Automotive OS 中主要分区(
system
、system_ext
和 product
)的共同标准。
合规性测试
Android 合规性测试是在内部参考硬件上执行的。为此版本运行的测试套件包括 CTS、STS、VTS 和 CTS-on-GSI。Android UDC 完全通过了合规性测试套件的测试,无需在 Android 平台上进行任何修复。
本页面上的内容和代码示例受内容许可部分所述许可的限制。Java 和 OpenJDK 是 Oracle 和/或其关联公司的注册商标。
最后更新时间 (UTC):2025-07-27。
[null,null,["最后更新时间 (UTC):2025-07-27。"],[],[],null,["# Android Automotive 14 release details\n\nThis page summarizes new major features provided in Android Automotive 14.\n\nFeatures\n--------\n\n### Car framework\n\n#### Display and Window Manager\n\n1. Concurrent multi-user `SysUI` and Lock screen.\n2. Rear-seat input lock.\n3. Special input handling.\n4. Support rear-seat input lock and the sharing of Special input key handling for concurrent multi-users in single AAOS instances.\n5. Display and task mirroring. Support Display and Task Mirroring for concurrent multi-users in a single AAOS instance.\n6. Multi-user IME. Support a multi-user IME for concurrent multi-users in a single AAOS instance.\n7. Enable `TaskView` on a secondary home or passenger display.\n\n#### Audio\n\nTo learn more, see the new\n[Audio](/docs/automotive/audio) pages on source.android.com.\n\n1. **Dynamic volume.** Support dynamic volume range configurability for each audio stream or bus.\n2. **Dynamic audio zones.** Support dynamic audio zones for concurrent multi-users.\n3. **Audio sharing (casting).** Allow for a passenger to share (cast) audio to the main cabin.\n4. **Multi-display audio mirroring.** Allow passengers using different audio headsets to listen to the same audio at the same time.\n\n#### Concurrent media sessions\n\n1. Added support for per-user concurrent media sessions in a single AAOS instance.\n\n#### Power\n\n1. **Custom power component in power policy.** The current power policy supports 16 pre-defined power components. OEMs can exclude components when updating the power state of OEM components.\n2. Optimized suspend-to-disk with performance improvements.\n3. **Remote access.** Enabled the ability for Android to be remotely awoken by an external request and then shutdown when the remote request is completed. To learn more, see [Set Up Remote Access](/docs/automotive/remote_access).\n\n#### Performance\n\n1. **Lightweight system health profiling.** Introduced a lightweight system health tool whose output can be collected through a `bugreport` to provide a better snapshot of system performance.\n\n#### CarPropertyManager improvements\n\n1. Added improvements to the `CarPropertyManager` and `CarPropertyService` stacks. Added new APIs to the `CarPropertyManager` to support fake VHAL mode in Car Service, added an async get/set property in `CarPropertyManager`, as well as a custom vendor error code.\n\n### Camera\n\n1. **EVS frame buffer metadata.** `CarEvsBufferDescriptor` makes frame metadata available to Android clients.\n\n### Sensors, location, and VHAL properties\n\nTo learn more about VHAL properties, see\n[Supported system properties](/docs/automotive/vhal/system-properties).\n\n1. Added these non-ADAS vehicle properties to the VHAL:\n 1. **Exterior properties.** Added Window properties, Mirror properties, and Door properties.\n 2. **Interior properties.** Added properties for Steering Wheel, Glove Box, and Seats.\n 3. **Electric vehicle properties.** Added EV properties for Braking, Acceleration, and Battery.\n 4. **Other properties.** Added a property for Engine Idle.\n 5. **Updated version of broken vehicle property** . Updated or fixed this VHAL property:\n\n | Property | Description |\n |-------------------------------|--------------------------------------|\n | `SEAT_HEADREST_HEIGHT_POS_V2` | Added this new area type for `seat`. |\n\n2. Added new ADAS-related vehicle properties to enable OEMs to represent activation status and the system state. To learn more, see [ADAS vehicle properties](/docs/automotive/vhal/adas-properties).\n\n | Property | Description |\n |------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|\n | Automatic emergency braking (AEB) | Properties provide OEMs a standardized interface to share the AEB system activation and system state with the IVI, such as when the vehicle detects a potential collision and responds by autonomously activating the brakes to avoid a collision. |\n | Forward collision warning (FCW) | Properties provide OEMs a standardized interface to share the FCW system activation and system state with the IVI, such as when the FCW system generates a visual, auditory, or haptic alert when it detects a potential collision with an object ahead. |\n | Blind spot warning (BSW). | Properties provide OEMs a standardized interface to share the BSW system activation and system state with the IVI, such as when the BSW system generates a visual or auditory warning that it's unsafe to merge or change lanes when an object is detected in the driver's blind spot. |\n | Lane departure warning (LDW) | Properties provide OEMs a standardized interface to share the LDW system activation and system state with the IVI, such as when the LDW system generates a visual, auditory, or haptic warning as the vehicle approaches or crosses a lane line. |\n | Lane keep assist (LKA) | Properties provide OEMs a standardized interface to share the LKA system activation and system state with the IVI, such as when the LKA system autonomously initiates a steering correction to prevent the vehicle from unintentionally drifting out of its lane. |\n | Lane centering assist (LCA) | Properties provide OEMs a standardized interface to share the LCA system activation and system state with the IVI, such as when a driver activates the LCA system which autonomously controls steering to keep the vehicle centered in its lane. |\n | Emergency lane keep assist (E-LKA) | Properties provide OEMs a standardized interface to share the E-LKA system activation and system state with the IVI, such as when the E-LKA system autonomously applies a steering adjustment to keep the vehicle in the current lane during an overtake or lane change to avoid a potential collision in the driver's blind spot or to avoid oncoming traffic. |\n | Adaptive cruise control (ACC) | Properties provide OEMs a standardized interface to share ACC system activation and system state with the IVI, such as when a driver activates the ACC system to autonomously adjust the vehicle's speed to maintain a safe distance from a vehicle ahead. |\n | Hand on detection (HOD) | Properties provide OEMs a standardized interface to share HOD system activation and system state with the IVI, such as when the HOD system generates a visual, auditory, or haptic warning when it detects no hands on the steering wheel. |\n\n3. Location for concurrent multi-users:\n 1. Allows users of each display to independently control access to their location.\n 2. Driver Assistance switch is limited to the driver only.\n\n### Concurrent multi-user system reference\n\nTo learn more, see\n[Android Automotive\nmulti-user on multiple displays](/docs/devices/admin/multi-user#automotive-multiuser-displays).\n\n1. Passenger reference launcher and recent apps.\n\n### System UI and core apps improvements\n\n1. Updated System UI:\n 1. **Heads-up notifications (HUN) throttling and suppression.** Developed an OEM-configurable mechanism to prevent the overlapping on HUNs and the sending of HUNs to drivers at inopportune times.\n 2. **Quick action.** Added the ability for apps to display quick actions.\n 1. **Stop app.** Added the affordance to stop an app from a quick action.\n2. Updated core system apps:\n 1. **App launcher personalization.** Added the ability for a user to reorder the location of apps within the Launcher.\n 2. Unresponsive app management.\n 3. **IVI reset.** Added the ability for a user to restart the infotainment system from Settings\n 4. Added a privacy chip with Immersive mode.\n3. Provided a reference design for an automotive infotainment system.\n\n### AAOS baseline\n\n1. Defined the common denominator for the major partitions (`system`, `system_ext`, and `product`) in the Android Automotive OS.\n\n### Compliance tests\n\nAndroid compliance tests were executed on the internal reference hardware. The test suites run\nfor this release include CTS, STS, VTS, and CTS-on-GSI. Android UDC fully passed the compliance test\nsuites with no fixes needed on the Android platform."]]