[null,null,["最后更新时间 (UTC):2025-07-27。"],[],[],null,["# Use DebugFS in Android 12\n\nDevices that launch with Android 12 using kernel\nversions higher than v5.4 are required to ship with the GKI kernel. So that\npartners can access `DebugFS` in userdebug builds while they develop on the GKI\nkernel, the kernel config `CONFIG_DEBUG_FS` is enabled in the GKI defconfig.\n**Never mount `DebugFS` in user builds** for devices\nlaunching on Android 12.\n\n\nUserdebug builds have better test coverage than user builds and get heavily\ntested throughout the development cycle. The following plan minimizes the\ndifference between the two build types with respect to `DebugFS` access, and\nprovides these benefits:\n\n- Prevents userdebug builds from accidentally depending on `DebugFS` for new functionality\n- Ensures that any existing functionality that's broken by the lack of DebugFS is known early in the development cycle\n\n\nDebugfs accesses **in userdebug builds** are categorized as\nfollows:\n\n1. `DebugFS` file initializations during device boot, such as a write access to a file in `DebugFS` to turn on debug data collection.\n2. Bugreport generation: The dumpstate HAL reads `DebugFS` files when `DumpstateBoard()` is invoked by `dumpstate`. This information becomes part of the bug report.\n3. Device-specific testing and validation.\n\nThe following table describes how each of these three categories is\nsupported in Android 12. Note that the\nfollowing only applies to userdebug builds since `DebugFS` can't be\nmounted in user builds.\n\n| Use case | Android 12 userdebug build |\n|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|\n| **One-time `DebugFS` files initialization, during startup** . This access **happens only once** during boot time. | Dumpstate HAL performs this during HAL initialization. To enable the same, init mounts `DebugFS` in userdebug builds before the HAL initializes. `Init` calls `umount()` on `DebugFS` when the device has completed booting. |\n| **Bugreport generation** : The dumpstate HAL reads `DebugFS` files, which become part of the bug report. | Done by dumpstate HAL within `DumpstateBoard()` when invoked by dumpstate ([DumpstateDevice.cpp](https://cs.android.com/android/platform/superproject/+/android-latest-release:device/google/trout/hal/dumpstate/1.1/DumpstateDevice.cpp)). The dumpstate tool (part of the Android framework) ensures that `DebugFS` mounts during the invocation. |\n| **Device-specific testing and validation** | Adb root and shell. Mount `DebugFS` from the adb shell with root access^1^. |\n\n\n^1^To mount `DebugFS` from `adb shell` with\nroot access, use this command:\n\n`adb shell mount -t debugfs debugfs /sys/kernel/debug`.\n| **Note:**\n|\n| - **Android 12: There aren't any new APIs for accessing the\n| dumpstate HAL**.\n| - **Android 12: New clients don't have access** to the dumpstate HAL.\n| - Only the dumpstate HAL process and vendor-modprobe tool can access `DebugFS` for Android 12 launching devices, since the kernel modules it loads might create `DebugFS` files.\n\nRequired partner actions\n------------------------\n\n\nPartners must enact the following based on these changes in\nAndroid 12 devices:\n\n- Make all boot time initializations of `DebugFS` nodes happen during the dumpstate HAL initialization. For an example of how to do this, see [DNM:\n Example for boot time initialization of `DebugFS` files](https://android-review.googlesource.com/c/platform/hardware/interfaces/+/1426054).\n- **Don't allow `DebugFS` access during runtime. The following exceptions\n apply:**\n - Bugreport generation (comes from the dumpstate HAL)\n - Testing and validation (accessible by `adb root` and `shell` - ensure that DebugFS is mounted first)\n\nDevelopers can set the debug persistent property\n`persist.dbg.keep_debugfs_mounted` to keep `DebugFs` mounted across\nreboots on userdebug and eng builds.\n\nGTS compliance tests ensure that the `DebugFS` filesystem isn't\nmounted in user builds. Sepolicy `neverallow` statements ensure that in devices\nlaunching on Android 12 or higher, unauthorized processes aren't provided\naccess to `DebugFs`."]]